Date of birth: 1940s
Place of Birth: Wessel Islands, NE Arnhem Land
European name: Willie
Other Aboriginal names: Wulumbuyku
Skin name: Wamut
Tribe: Yolngu
Clan: Galpu
Language group: Dhangu
Homeland: Ngaypinya, NE Arnhem Land
Father: Monyu Gurruwiwi
Mother: Djikulu Yunupingu

Djalu Gurruwiwi – Abridged Biography

Djalu Gurruwiwi is a senior member of the Galpu clan and an internationally reknown didgeridoo maker and player. His status as a yidaki (didgeridoo) master craftsman has grown to Herculean proportions over recent years with one leading Australian newspaper proclaiming his as Arnhem Land’s latest international cult figure.

Djalu’s expertise in the way of the didgeridoo is an extension of the role handed down to him by his now deceased father, Monyu, a noted Yolngu leader in his time. Monyu instilled in his son the importance of culture and gave Djalu the responsibility of looking after the didgeridoo for the Galpu clan. This duty is all the more important when considering the fact that many clan groups throughout Arnhem Land look to the Galpu as one of the primary custodians of the instrument. And linked to the didgeridoo are many aspects of knowledge and cultural practice that are sacred, their hidden secrets religiously guarded by those in authority.

Prior to his international stardom, Djalu’s unusual obsession with the didgeridoo saw him spend much of his time over several decades crafting instruments and refining his technique. The pieces he made were sold to the local community arts centre and to non-Indigenous workers and visitors in his community who probably did not appreciate the importance of the man and his work: to them, the didgeridoo was merely a novelty, a keepsake. Nonetheless, in this way, Djalu was able to win a small living to feed and to look after the needs of his immediate and extended family.

In 1986, Djalu’s reputation as a expert didgeridoo craftsman was given a major boost with the establishment of the Yothu Yindi band. The Aboriginal members of the band commissioned their close relative and recognised elite craftsman, Djalu, to make instruments for them. These instruments toured with the band and were also used in studio recordings that were released under the Mushroom Records label.

As Yothu Yindi began to pique the interest of non-Indigenous audiences around the world with its blend of contemporary and traditional grooves, combined with the energetic stage dancing normally restricted to ceremonial rituals, so too did the didgeridoo awaken the dormant tribal instinct in all of us. If Generation X was looking for a hero, they had found it in Djalu – the gentle and quietly-spoken Galpu man who is fond of bright shirts and mirrored sunglasses.

By the mid-1990s, with the Internet here to stay, Djalu’s status as Mr didgeridoo was cemented. Web forums and chat sites discussed Djalu’s didgeridoos and why they were superior. His instruments were traded across oceans. Dealers and collectors clambered to buy his best pieces. Budding non-Indigenous didgeridoo makers sought out his knowledge and special skill.

As the idolizing public got to know Djalu, they saw not only a man possessed with spreading the message of the didgeridoo – and you’ll understand what this message is if you play the didgeridoo and have met Djalu – but also an incredibly generous and open-hearted human being. In between hosting the throng of overseas visitors who make their pilgrimage to his ramshackle house in remote Arnhem Land, Djalu balances his time between family, community, ceremonial and public duties. In his Gunyangara’ community, Djalu is a highly respected elder and a Christian leader – having completed studies in theology at Nungalinya College in 1994 in Darwin.

In 1997, Djalu took part in one of the most important exhibitions of Aboriginal art, thePainters of the Wagilag Sisters Story 1937-1997. Staged at the National Gallery of Australia in Canberra, Djalu opened the exhibition with yidaki playing and helped with the construction of a sacred sand sculpture in the foyer of the exhibition space.

In 1998, Djalu collaborated with Australian and overseas artists and printmakers inThe Meeting of the Waters project at the Northern Territory University.

Djalu delivered the first Yidaki Masterclass at the inaugural Garma Festival in 1999, delighting Australian and international guests with his challenging tuition and infectious personality. He has delivered all subsequent Yidaki Masterclasses at Garma in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005.

Djalu’s first international outing was in 2002 at the Rripangu Yidaki Festival – named in honour of his family run business enterprise – in the tranquil town of Eisenbach in Germany’s Blackforest. He followed this up with a visit to the USA and Taiwan in 2003 where his mastery of the yidaki and natural charisma etched unforgettable memories in the minds of those in attendance. In 2004 Djalu and other members of his family travelled to the UAE for the Dubai Sister Cities Forum, and in 2005 he travelled to Japan for World Expo as well as Yidaki Festa.

Also in 2003 was the Northern Territory Export Awards held at the Crown Plaza in Darwin. Djalu accepted first prize in the Art and Entertainment category on behalf of north-east Arnhem Land yidaki makers. In 2005 Djalu played for Nelson Mandela in Sydney, Australia, in a special meeting of 2 great leaders. In 2004 Djalu was featured in the NAIDOC Week special of George Negus Tonight on ABC television.

Typically hewn from large termite-hollowed eucalyptus trees, Djalu’s instruments are prized for their highly resonant qualities and shapely aesthetics. His ability to select the right sort of tree to craft into exquisite musical instruments is legendary among his clansmen and testament to his unparalleled skill and vast knowledge.

Overseas tours and performances

2002    Rripangu Yidaki Festival, Eisenbach, Germany

2003    Joshua Tree Festival, USA

2003    Indigenous Peoples Commission cultural visit, Taipei, Taiwan

2004    Dubai Sister Cities Forum, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

2005    World Expo, Aichi, Japan

2005    Yidaki Festa 2005, Okuhida & Tokyo, Japan

Artistic output

Specialist yidaki maker and player

Ochres (earth pigments) on bark

Ochres (earth pigments) on Larrakitj (Memorial Poles)

Material culture items

Recorded music

Subjects and themes

Mandji-dak (body painting design)

Clan miny’tji (designs) of saltwater and freshwater areas

Wititj (Olive Python)

Dhonyin (Javan File Snake)

Bol’ngu (the Thunderman)

Exhibitions

1990 Spirit in Land, Bark Paintings from Arnhem Land, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

1994 Power of the Land, Masterpieces of Aboriginal Art, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

1994 The Eleventh National Aboriginal Art Awards, Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin

1995 Miny’tji Buku Larrnggay, Paintings from the East, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

1995 The Twelfth National Aboriginal Art Awards, Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin

1996 The Thirteenth National Aboriginal Art Awards, Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin

1997 Native Title, Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney

1997 The Painters of The Wagilag Sisters Story, 1937-1997, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra

1998 The 4th National Indigenous Heritage Art Award, Old Parliament House, Canberra

1998 Hollow Logs from Yirrkala, Annandale Galleries, Sydney

1998 The Meeting of the Waters, an exhibition of prints and works by artists from the Australasian Print Project, 24Hour Art, Darwin

1999-2001 Saltwater Country – Bark Paintings from Yirrkala, Drill Hall Gallery, ANU; John Curtin Gallery, Curtin University; Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney; Museum of Modern Art at Heide, Melbourne; The Araluen Cultural Centre, Alice Springs; Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane

Collections

National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

JW Kluge Collection, Virginia, USA

Numerous private collections

Bibliography

1990 Jeanne Arnold, Barbara Philip & Djikundurru Burarrwanga, Nambara Art, Nambara Art, Nhulunbuy

1990 Judith Ryan, Spirit in Land, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

1996 John Cawte, Healers of Arnhem Land, University of NSW Press, Sydney

1997 Wally Caruana & Nigel Lendon, The Painters of The Wagilag Sisters Story 1937 – 1997, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra

1999 Saltwater – Yirrkala Bark Paintings of Sea Country, Buku Larrngay Mulka Centre & Jennifer Isaacs Publishing, Neutral Bay

2003 Guan Lim, Dhangal Gurruwiwi & Djalu Gurruwiwi, Yidaki: Eine Perspektive aus Nordost-Arnhemland. In: Das Didgeridoo-Phaenomen. Von der Urzeit zur Moderne. Didgeridoobau. Edited by David Lindner. Traumzeit-Verlag, Schoenau, Germany

2004 Guan Lim, Dhangal Gurruwiwi & Djalu Gurruwiwi, Yidaki: A Perspective from north-east Arnhem Land. In: The Didgeridoo Phenomenon. From Ancient Times to the Modern Age. Didgeridoobau. Edited by David Lindner. Traumzeit-Verlag, Schoenau, Germany

Numerous newspaper articles

CDs

2001 Waluka: Gurritjiri Gurriwiwi featuring Djalu Gurruwiwi. Traditional music from north-east Arnhem Land, Volume 2. Yothu Yindi Foundation – Contemporary Masters Series

2001 Djalu teaches and plays yidaki (didgeridoo). Traditional music from north-east Arnhem Land, Volume 3. Yothu Yindi Foundation – Contemporary Masters Series

2003 Djalu Plays and Teaches Yidaki, Volume 2 (Songs and Stories from the Galpu Clan). Traditional music from north-east Arnhem Land, Volume 6. Yothu Yindi Foundation – Contemporary Masters Series

2003 Diltjimurru: Djalu Gurruwiwi. ON-Records & Djalu Gurruwiwi

Films

2000 Yidaki. Directed by Michale Butler and produced by Michelle White for Discovery

2014 In Between Songs. Written, directed, produced and co-edited by Joshua Bell and narrated by James Cromwell.

2017 Westwind: Djalu’s Legacy. Directed by Ben Strunin